The Great Pyramid of Giza [ the Pyramid of Khufu] is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in El Giza Egypt
It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact. Egyptologist believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb for fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu .and constructed over a 14 to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC.
Initially at 146.5 meters (480.6 ft), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years, the longest period of time ever held for such a record.
Originally, the Great Pyramid was covered by casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen today is the underlying core structure. Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the base.
There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's construction techniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place.
There are three known chambers inside the Great Pyramid. The lowest chamber is cut into the bedrock upon which the pyramid was built and was unfinished. The so-called Queen's Chamber and King's Chamber are higher up within the pyramid structure.
The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only pyramid in Egypt known to contain both ascending and descending passages.
The main part of the Giza complex is a setting of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honor of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile), three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives, an even smaller pyramid, a raised causeway connecting the two temples, and small mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for nobles.
Materials used in the building
The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated 2.3 million limestone blocks with most believed to have been transported from nearby quarries. The stones used for the building was quarried across the river. The largest granite stones in the pyramid, found in the "King's" chamber, weigh 25 to 80 tonnes and were transported from Aswan, more than 500 miles away. Traditionally, ancient Egyptians cut stone blocks by hammering wooden wedges into the stone which were then soaked with water. As the water was absorbed, the wedges expanded, causing the rock to crack. Once they were cut, they were carried by boat either up or down the Nile River to the pyramid. It is estimated that 5.5 million tons of limestone, 8,000 tons of granite ( from Aswan), and 500,000 tons of mortar were used in the construction of the Great Pyramid.
Boats Of The Sun
There are three boat-shaped pits around the pyramid, of a size and shape to have held complete boats.
There is cedar-wood boat 43.6 meters (143 ft) long, its timbers held together by ropes is now housed in a special boat-shaped, air-conditioned museum beside the pyramid.
I searched to get this informations many resources.
You can also use photoshop to make your own cards ,with your own touch.I like the ancient Pharaohs so much like many other people, and for sure the pyramids.I added that frame for that photo to make it art work that I can print with my own touch.
THANKS
Manal Raafat
 |
| The Pyramids of Giza |
It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact. Egyptologist believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb for fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu .and constructed over a 14 to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC.
Initially at 146.5 meters (480.6 ft), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years, the longest period of time ever held for such a record.
Originally, the Great Pyramid was covered by casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen today is the underlying core structure. Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the base.
There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's construction techniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place.
There are three known chambers inside the Great Pyramid. The lowest chamber is cut into the bedrock upon which the pyramid was built and was unfinished. The so-called Queen's Chamber and King's Chamber are higher up within the pyramid structure.
The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only pyramid in Egypt known to contain both ascending and descending passages.
The main part of the Giza complex is a setting of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honor of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile), three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives, an even smaller pyramid, a raised causeway connecting the two temples, and small mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for nobles.
Materials used in the building
The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated 2.3 million limestone blocks with most believed to have been transported from nearby quarries. The stones used for the building was quarried across the river. The largest granite stones in the pyramid, found in the "King's" chamber, weigh 25 to 80 tonnes and were transported from Aswan, more than 500 miles away. Traditionally, ancient Egyptians cut stone blocks by hammering wooden wedges into the stone which were then soaked with water. As the water was absorbed, the wedges expanded, causing the rock to crack. Once they were cut, they were carried by boat either up or down the Nile River to the pyramid. It is estimated that 5.5 million tons of limestone, 8,000 tons of granite ( from Aswan), and 500,000 tons of mortar were used in the construction of the Great Pyramid.
Boats Of The Sun
There are three boat-shaped pits around the pyramid, of a size and shape to have held complete boats.
There is cedar-wood boat 43.6 meters (143 ft) long, its timbers held together by ropes is now housed in a special boat-shaped, air-conditioned museum beside the pyramid.
I searched to get this informations many resources.
You can also use photoshop to make your own cards ,with your own touch.I like the ancient Pharaohs so much like many other people, and for sure the pyramids.I added that frame for that photo to make it art work that I can print with my own touch.
الهرم الأكبر أو هرم خوفو هو أكثر آثار العالم إثارة للجدل والخيال، والوحيد من عجائب الدنيا السبع الباقي إلى الآن
وهو المشروع القومي الأول في مصر القديمة اذ اجتمع فى بناءه آلآف من المصريين واستغرق بناؤه ما يقرب من العشرين عاما
اساطير بناء الهرم الاكير
روج الكثيرون حوله الكثير من الأساطير والروايات، فأشاع البعض أن ساكني قارة أطلنطس المفقودة هم بناة الأهرام، وافترض البعض الآخر أن عماليقا من تحت الأرض صعدوا لبناء هذا الهرم، وزعم آخرون أن الهرم قد بني بواسطة السحر، أو أن كائنات فضائية نزلت من الفضاء وقامت ببناءه، والكثير الكثير من الروايات التي تدل على مدى إثارة وغموض هذا البناء المعماري الضخم
الاسم الاول للهرم
كان الأمير حم إيونو هو مهندس الملك خوفو، وقد أرسل الطلاب والعلماء إلى مدينة أون كي يختاروا اسما للهرم، وكان ذلك الاسم هو: آخت خوفو أي أفق خوفو. فهذا هو الأفق الذي سيستقل منها الإله رع مراكب الشمس كي يبحر بها وتجدف له النجوم، ويقتل بمجاديفها الأرواح الشريرة ليفنى الشر فيقدسه شعبه. والملك خوفو هو أول ملك يعتبر نفسه الإله رع على الأرض
عناصر المجموعة الهرمية الهرم
السور المحيط
المعبد الجنائزى
الاهرامات الجانبيه
مراكب الشمس
الورشه : تقع بجوار الهرم، وأطلق عليها المصريون اسم وعبت أي مكان التطهير، وقسمت إلى أجزاء، جزء منها لتحنيط الملك، وجزء لإعداد القرابين، وأكبر الأجزاء كان مخصصا لصناعة التماثيل والفخار والأدوات التي كان ينقلها الكهنة يوميا داخل المعبد الجنائزي ومعبد الوادي لإجراء الطقوس
السور المحيط
المعبد الجنائزى
الاهرامات الجانبيه
مراكب الشمس
الورشه : تقع بجوار الهرم، وأطلق عليها المصريون اسم وعبت أي مكان التطهير، وقسمت إلى أجزاء، جزء منها لتحنيط الملك، وجزء لإعداد القرابين، وأكبر الأجزاء كان مخصصا لصناعة التماثيل والفخار والأدوات التي كان ينقلها الكهنة يوميا داخل المعبد الجنائزي ومعبد الوادي لإجراء الطقوس
الطريق الصاعد : أشار هيرودوت إلى أن بناءه استغرق 10 سنوات، وكان مسقوفا ومزخرفا بالمناظر المختلفة للملك وهو يهزم أعداءه ويقدم القرابين وماغير ذلك، يبلغ طول الطريق الصاعد إلى 700 متر من مدخل المعبد والطريق ينحرف بزاوية 32 ويستمر إلى مسافة 125 مترا حتى يصل إلى مدخل معبد الوادي
معبد الوادى
المدينه الهرميه
القصر
الميناء
الاوقاف
فم البحيره
التجمع العمالى
Manal Raafat
No comments:
Post a Comment