Symbols In Illustrator

Symbols :

A symbol is a reusable instances of an art object in a document. Each symbol instance is linked to the symbol in the Symbols panel or to a symbols library .It saves the time and reduce file size. You can edit the symbol ’s instances on the artboard The symbolism tools let you add and manipulate multiple symbol instances at once .

Place a symbol : 
Select a symbol in the Symbols panel or a symbol library.

Do one of the following:

• Click the Place Symbol Instance button in the Symbols panel to place the instance in the center of the artboard.
• Drag the symbol to the artboard where you want it to appear.
• Choose Place Symbol Instance from the Symbols panel menu.
  Note: A single symbol placed anywhere in your artwork (as opposed to existing only in the panel) is called an instance .

Create a symbol :  
Select the artwork you want to use as a symbol,and do one of the following.

• Click the New Symbol button in the Symbols panel.
• Drag the artwork to the Symbols panel.
• Choose New Symbol from the panel menu.
• In the Symbol Options dialog box, type a name for the symbol. 

Work with symbol instances 
You can move, scale, rotate, shear (or skew), or reflect symbol instances like the other objects .You can also perform any operation from the Transparency, Appearance, and Graphic Styles panels and apply any effect from the Effect menu.However, if you want to modify the individual components of a symbol instance, you must first expand it. Expanding breaks the link between the symbol and the symbol instance and converts the instance to regular artwork.

Modify a symbol instance 

1 - Select an instance of the symbol.
2 - Click the Break Link To Symbol button in the Symbols panel or Control panel.
3 - Edit the artwork .

4 - To replace the parent symbol with this edited version, Alt-drag the modified symbol on top of the old symbol in the Symbols panel.

5 - To create a new symbol with this edited version, drag the modified symbol to the Symbols panel or click New Symbol in the Symbols panel .

Expand a symbol instance  

Select one or more symbol instances .

Do one of the following .

• Click the Break Link To Symbol button in the Symbols panel or Control panel, or choose Break Link To Symbol from the panel menu.
• Choose Object > Expand, and then click OK in the Expand dialog box.

Duplicate a symbol instance on the artboard . 

Select the symbol instance. 

• Alt-drag the symbol instance.
• Copy and paste the symbol instance.

Replace a symbol instance with a different symbol  

Select the symbol instance .

Do one of the following :

• Choose a new symbol from the Replace menu in the Control panel.
• Select a new symbol in the Symbols panel, and choose Replace Symbol from the Symbols panel menu .

Edit a symbol : 

Do one of the following to open the symbol in isolation mode(double click the symbol to enter the isolation mode)

• Select an instance of the symbol and click Edit Symbol in the Control panel. When the Alert box opens, click OK .
• Double-click an instance of the symbol. When the Alert box opens, click OK.

Rename a symbol :

1. To rename the symbol, select the symbol in the Symbols panel, choose Symbol Options from the panel menu, and type a new name in the Symbol Options dialog box.
2. To rename a symbol instance, select a symbol instance in the artwork, and then type a new name in the Instance Name text box in the Control panel. 

Redefine a symbol with different artwork :

1. Select the artwork you want to use to redefine an existing symbol.
2. In the Symbols panel, click the symbol you want to redefine, choose Redefine Symbol from the panel menu.

        The selected artwork automatically becomes an instance of the symbol. 

Symbol libraries:

It is collections of preset symbols ,it appears in a new panel.

Open symbol libraries 

Do one of the following:

• Choose Window > Symbol Libraries.
• Choose Open Symbol Library in the Symbols panel menu, and choose a library from the list.
• Click the Symbols Library Menu button on the Symbols panel, and choose a library from the list.

 Adding a symbol from a library into the Symbols panel 

Click a symbol in a library then drag and draw.

Thanks
Manal Raafat

Tracing Artwork In Illustrator

Tracing artwork with Live Trace.

To base a new drawing on an existing piece of artwork .The easiest way to trace artwork is to open or place a file into Illustrator and automatically trace the artwork with the Live Trace command .

Automatically trace artwork using Live Trace .

1. Open or place an image for the tracing .
2. Select the image .

• To trace the image using a tracing preset, click the Tracing Presets and Options button in the Control panel, and select a preset .
• To trace the image using the default tracing options, click Live Trace in the Control panel, or choose Object > Live Trace > Make.
•  To set tracing options before you trace the image, click the Tracing Presets and Options button in the Control panel, and choose Tracing Options. Alternatively, choose Object > Live Trace > Tracing Options. Set tracing options, and then click Trace .

Release a tracing object
If you want to discard a tracing but keep the original placed image, you can release the tracing object.
1  Select the tracing object.
2  Choose Object > Live Trace > Release .
 

Thanks

Manal Raafat

Moving and zooming tool gallery in Illustrator.

Moving and zooming tool gallery .

 Tools for moving around  and controlling the view of the artboard.

1. The Hand tool (H) moves the Illustrator artboard within the illustration window.
2. The Print Tiling tool adjusts the page grid to control where artwork appears on the printed page.
3. The Zoom tool (Z) increases and decreases the view magnification in the illustration window.
 

Erase artwork 
• Erase part of a path using the Path Eraser tool .
•  Erase objects using the Eraser tool .
• Erase objects using a Wacom stylus pen eraser  

Thanks
Manal Raafat

Graph Tool Gallery , and Slicing and Cutting Tool Gallery In Illustrator.

Graph tool gallery .

 Illustrator have nine graph tools. For creating a different types of graph,depending on the information you want to communicate .

1. The Column Graph tool (J) .
2. The Stacked Column Graph tool.
3. The Bar Graph tool .
4. The Stacked Bar Graph tool .
5. The Line Graph tool .
6. The Area Graph tool .
7. The Scatter Graph tool .
8. The Pie Graph tool .
9. The Radar Graph tool .

Slicing and cutting tool gallery .

Slicing and cutting tool gallery .

1. The Slice tool divides photo into separate web images. 
2. The Slice Selection tool (Shift-K) selects web slices .
3. The Eraser tool (Shift-E) erases any area of the object over which you drag.
4. The Scissors tool (C) cuts paths at specified points.
5. The Knife tool cuts objects and paths.

Thanks
Manal Raafat

Reshaping Tools ,and Symbolism Tool Gallery with video .

Reshaping tools. 

Reshaping tools. 

1. The Rotate tool (R) : rotates objects around a fixed point.
2. The Reflect tool (O) :flips objects over a fixed axis.
3. The Scale tool (S) : resizes objects around a fixed point.
4. The Shear tool: skews objects around a fixed point .
5. The Reshape tool : adjusts selected anchor points while keeping the overall detail of the path intact.
6. The Free Transform tool (E) : scales, rotates, or skews a selection.
7. The Blend tool (W) : creates a series of objects blended between the color and shape of multiple objects.
8. The Warp tool (Shift+R) : molds objects with the movement of the cursor.
9. The Twirl tool : creates circular distortions within an object. 
10. The Pucker tool : deflates an object by moving control points towards the cursor.
11. The Bloat tool : inflates an object by moving control points away from the cursor.
12.  The Scallop tool : adds random curved details to the outline of an object.
13. The Crystallize tool : adds random spiked details to the outline of an object. 
14. The Wrinkle tool : adds wrinkle-like details to the outline of an object. 

Symbolism tool gallery .

Symbolism tool gallery .

It let you create and modify sets of symbol instances. You create a symbol set using the Symbol Sprayer tool. You can then use the other symbolism tools to change the density, color, location, size, rotation, transparency, and style of the instances in the set  .

1. The Symbol Sprayer tool (Shift+S) places multiple symbol instances as a set on the artboard .
2. The Symbol Shifter tool moves symbol instances .
3. The Symbol Scruncher tool moves symbol instances closer together or apart . 
4. The Symbol Sizer tool resizes symbol instances .
5. The Symbol Spinner tool rotates symbol instances.
6. The Symbol Stainer tool colorizes symbol instances.
7. The Symbol Screener tool applies opacity to symbol instances.
8. The Symbol Styler tool applies the selected style to symbol instances.

Thanks

Manal Raafat

Type, and Painting Tools In Illustrator

Type Tools . 

Type Tools . 

1. The Type tool (T) creates individual type , you can enter and edit type.
2. The Area Type tool changes closed paths to type containers you can enter and edit type within them. 
3. The Type On A Path tool changes paths to type paths,  you can enter and edit type on them.
4. The Vertical Type tool creates vertical type and vertical type containers and lets you enter and edit vertical type.
5. The Vertical Area Type tool changes closed paths to vertical type containers  you can enter and edit type within them.
6. The Vertical Type On A Path tool changes paths to vertical type paths  you can enter and edit type on them. 

Painting Tools .

Painting Tools .

1. The Paintbrush tool (B) draws freehand and calligraphic lines, as well as art and patterns on paths.
2. The Blob Brush Tool (Shift-B)draws paths that automatically expand and merge calligraphic brush paths that share the same color and are adjacent in stacking order.
3. The Mesh tool (U) creates and edits meshes and mesh envelopes.
4. The Gradient tool (G) adjusts the beginning and ending points and angle of gradients within objects, or applies a gradient to objects.
5. The Eyedropper tool (I) samples and applies color, type, and appearance attributes, including effects, from objects.  
6. The Live Paint Bucket tool (K) paints faces and edges of Live Paint groups with the current paint attributes.
7. The Live Paint Selection (Shift-L)tool selects faces and edges within Live Paint groups.
   The Measure tool measures the distance between two points.

Thanks
Manal Raafat

Selection and Drawing Tools in Illustrator

Selection Tools .

• The Selection tool (V) , selects entire objects. 
• The Direct Selection tool (A) ,selects points or path segments within objects .
• The Group Selection tool ,selects objects and groups within groups.
• The Magic Wand tool (Y) , selects objects with similar attributes. 
• The Lasso tool (Q) , selects points or path segments within objects. 
• The Artboard tool . creates separate artboards for printing or export .

Drawing. Using the drawing tools.

       Drawing simple lines and shapes.

1. Draw straight lines with the Line Segment tool ,with the Line Segment tool /.
2. Draw rectangles and squares, with the rectangles and rounded rectangles tools 
3. Draw ellipses, with the Ellipse tool .
4. Draw polygons, with the  Polygon tool . 
5. Draw stars with the Star tool .
6. Draw arcs with  the Arc tool.
7. Draw spirals with the Spiral tool .
8. Draw grids with the use the grid tools to quickly draw rectangular and polar grids.
9. Draw rectangular grids with the Rectangular Grid tool.
10. Draw circular (polar) grids the Polar Grid tool .
11. Drawing with the Pencil tool.
12. Drawing with the Pen tool. 

 Entering values in panels and dialog boxes.

       Do one of the following.

            •Type a value in the box, and press Enter or Return.

            •Drag the slider.
            •Select a value from the menu associated with the box.

Thanks 
Manal Raafat

How to Create A New Document in Illustrator, with Video Tutorial .

Create a new document .

A document is the space in which you create artwork. You start a new document by choosing a new document profile based on your intended output.Each profile includes preset values for size, color mode, units, orientation, transparency, and resolution.All use one artboard, by default.

Documents profiles:

 Welcome screen

• Print Document.
• Web Document.
• Mobile And Devices Document .
• Video And Film Document .
• Basic CMYK Document .
• Basic RGB Document .

 Create a new document from the Welcome screen, or by using File > New . 

1. Type a name for your document. 
2. Specify the number of artboards for your document, and their order .
3. Specify the default both horizontal and vertical spacing between artboards. 
4. Specify the default size, units of measure, and layout for all artboards.
5. Specify the position of the bleed along each side of the artboard. 

Note: You can change these settings after you create the document by choosing File > Document Setup and specifying new settings .

Create a new document from a template .

1  Do one of the following:
   •Choose File > New From Template.
   •Choose File > New. In the New Document dialog box, click Templates.
   •In the Welcome screen, click From Template in the Create New list.
2  In the New From Template dialog box, locate and select a template, and click New.

Illustrator diagram .

that is the illustrator interface and look to help understanding the explanation that I am giving.

• It shows the menu bar.
• The options bar.
• Tabbed Document windows.To move from document to another.
• The Tools panel that contains tools for creating and editing images, artwork, page elements, and more.
•  The control panel  (The option bar) displays options for the currently selected tool .
• The Document window shows the file you are working on.
• The status bar  at the lower-left edge of the illustration window. 

I hope it is useful.

Thanks
Manal Raafat

How to add a shadow to your pictures with Photoshop ?كيفية اضافة خيال للصور بالفوتوشوب

It is so easy to add realistic shadow to your pictures with Photoshop . I had used a picture designed by Illustrator to be clear and easy .

How to do it .

1. Select the shape with the Quick Selection Tool ,or with the color range .
2. Cut the shape and paste it to new layer,and name it picture . 
3. With the Paint Bucket Tool, fill the space of cut picture with black . Select the black shape and cut it also.
4. Add new layer above the background layer and paste the black shape to it.Name the layer with shadow.  
5. Select the  background layer in the layer panel, then clean the picture and fill the space of cut with the same color .[ in the background layer]
6. Select the  shadow layer and apply Transform - Distort .[ Edit - Transform - Distort ].
7. From the layer panel, add layer mask to the shadow layer .Then add gradient overlay.
8. Blur the shadow [Filter -Blur -Gaussian Bur].
9. Reduce the layer opacity and fill  in the layer panel 
10. Save your work.

الطريقه :

اولا نفتح الصوره فى برنامج الفوتوشوب 

1 - حدد الشكل باستخدام أداة التحديد السريع، أو بطريقه اختيار نطاق اللون المشروحه فى الفيديو .و نفتحها من قائمة selection 

نختار color range

2 - قص الشكل المحدد  Ctrl+X

ثم اضف طبقه جديده من لوحة الطبقات

الصقه على الطبقة الجديدة  Ctrl +V. 

3 - بأداة دلو الطلاء Paint Bucket Tool إملء المساحة الفارغه مكان الصوره المقصوصه بالأسود.

 4 - حدد الشكل الأسود كما سبق وقصه ايضا بنفس الطريقه السابقه .و اضف طبقه جديده بين طبقة الصوره وطبقة الخلفيه و الصق الشكل الأسود بها.

5 - حدد طبقة الخلفيه فى لوحة الطبقات ثم قم بتنظيف الصورة و إملء الفراغ مكان الصوره المقصوصه مره اخرى و لكن الآن بالأبيض او نفس اللون الخلفية.

6 - حدد الطبقه التى تحتوى على الظل الأسود ثم طبق عليها بعض التعديلات Edit - Transform - Distort 

اضبط الارتفاع المناسب و الميل المناسب كما فى الفيديو .

7 - حدد الطبقه التى تحتوى على الظل الأسود ثم اضف لها قناع كما فى الفيديو .ثم اضف لها تدرج لونى اسود فى ابيض .

8 - اضف بعض الضبابيه على الظل من قائمة Filter 

Filter - Blur - Gaussian Burكما فى الفيديو .

9 - قلل الشفافيه و ملئ اللون Fill من لوحة الطبقات .

10 - احفظ الصوره 

ارجو ان تكون سهله و اعجبتكم .

شكرا لكم

Amenemhat III the builder of the Black Pyramid in Dashur with Photoshop lesson أمنمحات الثالث باني الهرم الأسود في دهشور

He was a pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt. He ruled from c.1860 BC to c.1814 BC.He was regarded as the greatest monarch of the Middle Kingdom. He may have had a long coregency (of 20 years) with his father, Senusret III [ multiple sovereigns or kings of a single state ].
Amenemhet III was handed a peaceful reign, his father Sesostris III had given him a land on good diplomatic terms with her northern neighbours, Nubia firmly under Egypt's control and the power of the Nomarchs finally ended.

The original picture

Towards the end of his reign he instituted a coregency with his successor Amenemhet IV, as recorded in a now damaged rock inscription at Konosso in Nubia, which equates Year 1 of Amenemhet IV to either Year 46, 47 or 48 of his reign. His daughter, Sobekneferu, later succeeded Amenemhat IV, as the last ruler of the 12th Dynasty. Amenemhat III's throne name, Nimaatre, means "Belonging to the Justice of Re."

His Family :-

His father: The pharaoh Sesostris III [the builder of the Sisostris Canal].

His principle wife: was Aat.

His daughters: Neferuptah and her sister, the Pharaoh Sobekneferu (“Beauty of Sobek”).

His son: The Pharaoh Amenemhat IV .

His reign :-

- His long reign of 45 years followed the policies of his predecessors of the 12th Dynasty - economic growth in Egypt was at an all time high, agriculture increased at the Fayum (it was here that Amenemhet III completed a land reclamation scheme probably started by his father, Sesostris III, this scheme was to gain 17,000 acres of farm land from the lake).

-He built his first pyramid at Dahshur "Black Pyramid" but there were construction problems and this was abandoned. Around Year 15 of his reign the king decided to build a new pyramid at Hawara near the Fayum . The pyramid at Dahshur was used as burial ground for several royal women.

His mortuary temple at Hawara, is accompanied by a pyramid and may have been known to Herodotus who praised it as a wonder of the world.

The king's pyramid at Hawara contained some of the most complex security features of any found in Egypt and is perhaps the only one to come close to the sort of tricks Hollywood associates with such structures. Nevertheless, the king's burial was robbed in antiquity.

-Amenemhet III also built temples at the Faiyum to the god Sobek and a temple to the cobra goddess at Maadi near Cairo.

-Mining operations also were concentrated on heavily - inscriptions show that mining in either the quarries of Egypt or in the Sinai date from Year 2 right up to Year 45 of his reign.

-At the Sinai Amenemhet III enlarged the temple to Hathor.

with new background picture

with colored background and
 layer style 

How to change the  background of the picture.

with colored background and
 layer style 

1. Select the statue of the pharaoh in the photo with the Quick Selection Tool ,then refine it .
2. Copy the selection ( Ctrl+C).
3. Open new document , then paste the layer to it(Ctrl+V ) .
4. Add new layer under the pasted layer .
5. Add the background picture that you like to the new layer or add color and a layer style .
6. If you like add a frame in new layer.
7. Save your work.

Thanks

MR

وكان فرعون من الأسرة الثانية عشرة في مصرالفرعونيه. حكم فيها من 1860 الى 1814 قبل الميلاد كان يعتبر أعظم ملك من ملوك الوسطى.و حكم مع ابيه مدة 20 عاما قبل ان يحكم منفردا سنوسرت الثالث .

تسلم امنمحات الثالث فترة حكمه من والده سلميه و على اسس دبلوماسيه جيده مع جيرانهم .

في نهاية عهده أقام فترة حكم مشتركه ايضا مع مع خليفته أمنمحات الرابع ، كما هو مسجل في النقوش الصخرية التالفة الموجوده في النوبة .

اعقبت ابنته ،( Sobekneferu) سوبكى نفرو، في وقت لاحق أمنمحات الرابع، و كانت آخر حاكم من سلالة الأسرة الثانية عشرة.

كان إسم عرش أمنمحات الثالث Nimaatre،و هو يعني "الانتماء الى عدالة رع "

اسرته :-

والده :الفرعون سيزوستريس (Sesostris) الثالث [باني قناة سيزوستريس].

 زوجته الرئيسيه: Aat آت

بناته : Neferuptah وشقيقتها،  الفرعون Sobekneferu ("جمال سوبك").

ابنه : إن فرعون أمنمحات الرابع.

حكمه : -- 

كان فى خلال فترة حكمه الطويلة (حوالى 45 عاما) يتبع سياسات أسلافه من سلالة الأسرة الثانية عشرة وكان النمو الاقتصادي في مصر في كافة الأوقات عالياً .

*فى الزراعه : 

زيادة الزراعة في الفيوم ( أكمل أمنمحات الثالث خطة استصلاح الأراضي التي بدأها والده  سيزوستريس  الثالث ، وكان هذا المشروع للحصول على 17000 فدان من الأراضي الزراعية من البحيرة ( بحيرة قارون).

*فى التعدين :

تركزت عمليات التعدين بشكل كبيرفي المحاجر إما في مصر أو في سيناء بدأً من السنة الثانيه و حتى 45 سنة من حكمه ,كما اوضحت النقوش الأثريه.

*فى التعمير :

بنى الهرمه الأول في دهشور "الهرم الأسود" ولكن كانت هناك مشاكل فى البناء وتم التخلي عن هذاالبناء و لم يدفن الملك به .

بعد حوالي 15 سنة من حكمه قرر الملك بناء هرما جديد في هوارة بالقرب من الفيوم. وقد استخدم الهرم في دهشور كمقبره ملكية للعديد من النساء من العائله الحاكمه.

انشأ معبده الجنائزي في هوارة و انشأ هرما مصاحبا له. وربما كان معروفا لهيرودوت الذي اثنى عليه قائلا أنه من عجائب الدنيا .

يتضمن هرم الملك في هوارة بعض الميزات الأمنية الأكثر تعقيدا من أمثالها و التى وجدت في مصر ، ومع ذلك فقد سرقت في العصور القديمة.

 كما شيد أمنمحات الثالث المعابد في الفيوم للإله سوبك، ومعبد للإلهة الكوبرا في المعادي قرب القاهرة.

وايضا فى سيناء اضاف توسعة لمعبد حتحور.

و له انشاءات أخرى كثيره اكثر من ان تقال فى مقال قصير مثل هذا.

تعليقى الخاص على الموضوع :-

تستطيع ان تدرك كيف ان الفراعنه الاجداد كانوا يعملون بجد فى كل مجالات الحياة و لهذا تركوا هذه الحضاره العظيمه الخالده.

مع العلم انهم كانوا موحدين فى أغلب العصور و ما الآلهه بالنسبه لهم إلا تجسيد لصفات الإله الواحد الأحد بقدر إدراكهم فى هذه العصور و الدليل على ما أقول وجود انبياء كثر فى مصر الفرعونيه و القديمه و بالتأكيد كان هناك اتباع و مؤمنين بهؤلاء الأنبياء مثل سيدناابراهيم و يوسف و عيسى و موسى و ذا النون المصرى و ذا الكفل و ادريس عليهم السلام. 

شكرا لكم

Black Pyramid of Amenemhat III At Dashur الهرم الأسود بدهشور للملك امنمحات الثالث

Black Pyramid

King Amenemhat III built the Black pyramid during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2055-1650 BC). It is one of the five remaining pyramids of the original eleven pyramids at Dahshur ( Dahshur is a royal necropolis located in the desert on the west bank of the Nile approximately 40 kilometres south of Cairo. It is known chiefly for several pyramids, two of which are among the oldest, largest and best preserved in Egypt, which are Bent Pyramid and Red Pyramid built from 2613-2589 BCE. ) in Egypt.
It was named the Black pyramid for its dark, decaying appearance as a rubble mound.The Black Pyramid is not as well known as the Bent or Red Pyramids at Dashur, as it has been closed to tourists due to its collapsed condition.

The Black pyramid was the first to house both the deceased pharaoh and his queens. 

Its Structure and shape 

It was originally about 75 meters tall with a base 105 meters long and an incline of 57°.It was built  out of mudbrick and then covered the outside with white limestone[Typical for pyramids of the middle kingdom ].

Today it appears without its original glory.

The pyramidion, which is the capstone of a pyramid, was covered with inscriptions and religious symbols.

The design of the Black Pyramid was very ambitious, with several passageways and chambers for two queens in addition to the king. The pyramid has two entrances on the south end of the east and west sides, with staircases leading into the interior.

The king was not buried there. When construction of the pyramid was nearly complete, the architects of Amenemhat III became aware of structural problems. The pyramid was being crushed under its own weight– walls and ceilings were being pushed down and doorframes began to buckle, so the workers quickly reinforced it with mudbrick and cedar beams. While their quick thinking saved the pyramid from immediate collapse, it had to be abandoned as the burial place of the king. Amenemhat III chose the site of Hawara, south of Cairo in the Fayum region, as the location of his new pyramid.

بنى الملك امنمحات الثالث الهرم الأسود خلال عصر الدولة الوسطى في مصر (2055-1650 قبل الميلاد). وهو واحد من الاهرامات الخمس المتبقية من اصل إحد عشرهرما التى بنيت في دهشور(دهشور هي المقبرة الملكية التي تقع في الصحراء على الضفة الغربية لنهر النيل على بعد 40 كيلومترا تقريبا الى الجنوب من القاهرة.و قد اشتهرت بوجود العديد من الأهرامات بها ، منها اثنتان من بين أقدم وأكبر وأفضل الأهرامات المحفوظة في مصر، و هي الهرم المائل او المنحنى والهرم الأحمر بنيت من 2613-2589 قبل الميلاد في مصر. )

وقد أطلقوا عليه اسم الهرم الأسود بسبب لونه الداكن و بناءه المتحلل و المتهالك والهرم الأسود ليس فى شهرة الهرمين المائل و الاحمر بسبب انه قد تم إغلاقه أمام السياح بسبب حالته المنهارة.

وكان الهرم الأسود الأول لإيواء كلا من الفرعون الفقيد والملكات.

هيكله و شكله 

كان في الأصل حوالي 75 مترا فى الإرتفاع و ذو قاعدة 105 مترا، ويميل بزاويه 57 درجة.

وقد بنيت من الطوب اللبن ومغطاة من الخارج ثم مع الحجر الجيري الأبيض [نموذجي للأهرامات فى الدولة الوسطى]و اليوم نراعه و قد فقد بهاءه الذى كان عليه.

أما النهايه العليا لقمة الهرم فكانت مغطاه بنقوش و رموز دينيه.

ان تصميم الهرم الأسود طموحا للغاية ، فله العديد من الممرات والغرف لاثنين من الملكات بالإضافة إلى الملك.و للهرم مدخلان في الطرف الجنوبي من الجانبين الشرقي والغربي ، مع السلالم المؤدية الى المناطق الداخلية.

عندما اوشك البناء على الإكتمال ادرك مهندسو امنمحات الثالث انه يوجد مشاكل فى هيكل الهرم و بدأ الهرم يسقط من تلقاء نفسه فأسرع العمال فى تعزيز البناء بالطوب اللُبِن و حزم من شجر الأَرز

مع أن تفكيرهم السريع حفظ الهرم من الانهيار على الفور، إلا انهم هجروا المكان و فضلوا ألا يدفنو الملك هناك , و لهذا لم يدفن الملك هناك واختار أمنمحات الثالث موقع هوارة جنوب القاهرة في منطقة الفيوم، ليكون موقع هرمه الجديد. 

Make Your Own Greeting Cards إصنع بطاقاتك بيديك

Start Card making Today 

Have you ever wish to design handmade card to represent yourself and your thoughts,and add your signature to it .

Card making is becoming more and more popular and it's now a novelty to send handmade greeting cards.

If you are looking for a unique Birthday card for your friends or family .

If you want  great Wedding card to congratulate the happy couple.

Are you looking for amazing Valentine's Day Card 

If you prefer to make a wonderful Anniversary Card to be the perfect present for this special occasion .

Do you like to give a  special Thank You Card to a special person . 

If you like to give special cards for special occasions like, New Baby ,New Home , Graduation Cards ,and Mother's Day ,and Father's Day .

What should you prepare to make the cards ?

Card making is not expensive. 

• For a basic homemade card, all you need is paper, cutter, glue and some color pencils and scissors .Also some small plastic or satin flowers.You can use buttons,painted cotton.It is very nice to use also the plastic stamps to add frame or special comment.
• You can also design your own card with Photoshop ,Illustrator, and the other graphic software.I had many explanations in my sites I will add its links down. 
• You could design your own greeting cards and take a photo with your digital camera and upload it to your computer , then add it to your design.

A video for making a card.

بطرق سهله و زهيدة الثمن تستطيع ان تقدم لكل من تحب و لمعارفك بطاقات التهنأه فى مختلف المناسبات من صنع يديك .

إبدأ معنا اليوم 

هل كنت رغبت فى أي وقت مضى في تصميم بطاقاتك يدويا لتمثلك وتوضح أفكارك ، وتضيف بصمتك الخاصه لها و توقيعك عليها.

صنع البطاقات اليدويه أصبح أكثر وأكثر شعبية وانها الآن تعتبر موضة العصر و كم هو جميلا ان تقدم شئ فريد من نوعه ليس لأحد غيرك .

إذا كنت تريد الحصول على بطاقة عيد ميلاد فريدة من نوعها لأصدقائك أو عائلتك 

و إذا كنت تريد بطاقة عرس عظيمة لتهنئة الزوجين السعيدين .

هل بحثت يوما عن بطاقات مذهلة يوم عيد الحب ؟ و اردت ان تشعر من تحب انه حاله خاصه جدا لديك .

إذا كنت تفضل تقديم بطاقة لذكرى رائعة فليكن الحاضر مثاليا ايضا لهذه المناسبة الخاصة.

هل ترغب في إهداء بطاقات شكر خاص لشخص خاص.

إذا كنت ترغب في تقديم بطاقات خاصة للمناسبات الخاصة مثل مولود جديد، منزل جديد، بطاقات تخرج ، عيد الأم و الأسره ، وكذلك عيد الأب . 

إبدأ معنا اليوم 

ماذا يجب عليك ايجاده لهذا العمل ؟ 

صنع البطاقات ليس باهظ الثمن أو مكلف.

• للحصول على بطاقة بسيطه يدوية الصنع ، كل ما تحتاجه هو ورق، قاطع ، والغراء وبعض الأقلام الملونة والمقص .
• و قد تحتاج ايضا الى بعض الزهور الصغيرة و المصنوعه من الساتان أوالبلاستيك ويمكنك ايضا استخدام الأزرار و الفصوص ذات الأحجام المختلفه . و يمكنك استعمال القطن الملون و المصبوغ كذلك.
• من الأشياء اللطيفة جدا إستخدام  الختامات البلاستيك لإضافة إطار أو تعليق خاص. 
• يمكنك أيضا تصميم البطاقة الخاصة بك بالفوتوشوب،واليوستريتور و أى برنامج للرسم
• كما يمكنك تصميم بطاقات المعايدة الخاصة بك والتقاط صورة مع الكاميرا الرقمية وتحميلها إلى جهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك، ثم إضافتها إلى التصميم الخاص بكم. 

لدى عدة تصاميم للكروت و البطاقات لمختلف المناسبات في مواقعي سوف اضيف روابط بعضها أسفل.

Related links
How To Design Flora With Illustrator ?

Arabic style card تصمصم عربى لبطاقه شكر

Happy NEW YEAR 1432 HEJRIA ILLUSTRATOR CARD كرت مصمم باليوستريتور
New Year Stars Happy New Year With Photoshopنجوم السنه الجديده بالفوتوشوب
Create Your Own Fonts With Illustrator
HAPPY NEW YEAR ILLUSTRATOR CARD
Birthday Cards For Kids
Designing New Birthday Card with Photoshop
Lotus Flowers With An Illustrator Card Design      زنبق الماء الأزرق او زهور اللوتس

You can find more in My blog.

Please visit the sections of Illustrator Videos  ,and  Photoshop Videos   to see more videos and more lessons.

Thanks 

MR